What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you contrasting the efficiency ratings of new heating and cooling systems? Perhaps you want to check the rating on your existing HVAC unit. In either case, you can learn the efficiency rating and expected annual operating costs by looking at the yellow Energy Guide sticker on the side of the unit. Below are some facts about the multiple ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a rating of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating signifies the cooling output of an air conditioning unit over a whole cooling season, divided by the total amount of energy consumed during that period. A higher SEER rating implies greater energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

As of 2023, the minimum SEER rating for new air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the old minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to minimize energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

Lately, premium air conditioners boast ratings of 26 SEER or higher, providing incredible energy savings. Unfortunately, impressive SEER ratings usually come with a higher initial cost. Therefore, you should consider both the initial investment and the prospects for continued savings when choosing a new air conditioning unit.

What Is an EER Rating?

Although SEER ratings are more well-known, AC systems have another efficiency statistic you should be aware of. It’s called EER, and it stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This conveys the efficiency of an cooling system under distinct operating situations. The EER rating enables you to understand how the system will keep up with demand on those very hot summer days.

At the moment, only the southwest section of the country has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Peak ratings top out at about 14 EER. In most cases SEER and EER typically correspond, with higher ratings meaning stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are metrics that indicate the measurement of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps once in heating mode. HSPF is a ratio of the entire heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) over the heating season to the rate of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, a boost from the previous minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By requiring higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. Settling for less efficiency remains an option, but it’s a wise choice to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are another standard of heating system efficiency, but they apply to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a ratio of the annual heat output to the fuel utilized during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating system.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Prior to this, the south and southwest had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. Even though you’re not required to buy a system with ratings above the minimum, you’ll spend less on your heating bills by choosing a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the ENERGY STAR program during the Clinton Administration to help homeowners and businesses identify the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go far beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and decrease emissions without sacrificing performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the leading performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is presently overhauling the qualification criteria given the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help determining which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is ideal for your budget, count on Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can assess your circumstances and help you make an informed choice. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s top brands, all of which meet or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so convinced that you’ll be satisfied with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a no-cost HVAC installation estimate, please contact a Service Experts office near you.